TIMELINE
this Timeline is under constant improvement. Please help: robertschilder@gmail.com
0800BC -Odyssey by HOMER, #022a
0600BC -HANNO the Navigator, #028 -Northwest African Coast
0500BC -HIMILCO, #028a -the Mediterranean Sea
0415-0413BC -Sicilian Expedition, (during the Peloponnesian War) #251
0330BC -PYTHEAS of Marseilles, #022 -around western Europe to Thule Island
0264-0241BC -First PUNIC WAR, #140, Rome versus Carthago
0800 ca. -Hawai?iloa,#000, Hawaiian Islands
0900 -Gunnbjörn ULFSSON, #000, Greenland
1000 ca. -ERIK the RED and Leif ERICSON, Viking navigators, discovered and settled Greenland, Helluland (possibly Baffin Island), Markland (perhaps Labrador) and Vinland (probably Newfoundland). The Greenland colony lasted until the 15th century, but the settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows, the only known site of a Norse village in North America outside of Greenland, is estimated to have endured less than a decade.
1300 ca. -Abu BAKR II, #000, Brazil (?)
1351 - 1354 -Ibn BANTUTTA (1304/02/25 - 1368/9), #028b, Sahelian Kingdoms
1371 - 1435 -ZHENG HE. Zheng He was a Muslim. He was born in 1371 in Yunnan, China, into a Muslim family of Hui ethnicity. His given name at birth was Ma He (马和), which reflects his Islamic heritage, as "Ma" is the Chinese version of "Muhammad." He later became known as Zheng He after being captured by Ming forces, castrated, and sent to serve in the imperial court.
Despite his Islamic faith, Zheng He operated under the patronage of the Ming dynasty, which followed Confucian traditions. His voyages between 1405 and 1433 extended across the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, often facilitating trade and diplomacy between China and various Islamic regions. His Muslim background played a role in his diplomatic relations, especially when visiting Muslim-majority regions like the Arabian Peninsula and East Africa.
1427 - 1460 -HENRI the Navigator, #000, Great permanent wind wheel of Volta do Mar #015a, the North Atlantic Gyre. Recognition of the Sargasso Sea, Madeira, Azores and West African coast. Cape Verde
1460/12/29 - 1524/12/24 -Vasco da Gama, #016
1482 - 1485 -Diogo CÃO landed in Namibia, #030, Congo River, Angola and Namibi
1480 (ca.) -Tupaq Inka Yupanki. 1594-1597 Rediscovered by the Spanish, #000, Galápagos Islands, Rapa Nui
1482 - 1485 -Bartolomeu DIAS #000, South Africa. Connected the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean. South Atlantic Volta do Mar winds
1493 - 1502 -Cristopher COLUMBUS, #000, Italian explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic, opening the way for widespread European exploration and the eventual conquest of the Americas.. Caribbean, Venezuela (South America) and Central America. Use and development of the North Atlantic routes
1497 - 1499 -Vasco da GAMA's first voyage to India, #147, Atlantic Ocean (outer routes) and Indian Ocean, Sea route to India (Europe to Asia)
1500-1501 -Pedro Álvares CABRAL and Diogo DIAS, among others., #000, Brazil, South Atlantic Volta do Mar, Indian Ocean, Madagascar, gate of the Red Sea (Bab-elMandeb Strait); India. Voyage that united Europe, Americas, Africa and Asia
1502/02/10 -Vasco da GAMA's second voyage to India, #147
1512-1513 -António de ABREU and Francisco SERRÃO, #000, Timor, Moluccas (Australasia Pacific Ocean)
1516 -Thomas MORE writes 'Utopia', #055
1519-1521 -Hernán CORTÉS, #000, Mexico
1519-1522 -Ferdinand MAGELLAN and Juan Sebastián ELCANO, #000, Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the Earth, although he died during the journey, and it was completed by his crew. Circumnavigation of the Globe. Connection from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean (America to Asia
1525-1527 -Aleixo GARCIA, #000, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and east of the Inca Empire
1528 -Alvár Núñes Cabeza de VACA, #000, Traveled across the Southwest of North America (Completely)
1531-1534 -Francisco PIZARRO, #000, Peru, Inca Empire and Ecuador
1531-1534 -Francisco de ORELLANA, #000, Ecuador and Brazil. Length of the Amazon river
1534-1542 -Jacques CARTIER, #000, Canada, Saint Lawrence River
1561 -Sir francis DRAKE, #000, First voyage of discovery to the New World (America)
1563-1611 -Jan HUYGEN van LINSCHOTEN was a Dutch explorer, cartographer, and travel writer who played a significant role in the 16th-century exploration of the East Indies. Born in Haarlem, Netherlands, Linschoten joined a Portuguese fleet in 1583 and traveled to Goa, India. During his time in Goa, he gathered valuable information about the spice trade routes and the Portuguese navigation system in the Indian Ocean.
Linschoten returned to the Netherlands in 1592 and published a book titled "Itinerario," which became a crucial source of information for European traders and navigators interested in the East Indies. The book detailed navigation routes, trade opportunities, and cultural insights about the regions Linschoten had visited. His work significantly contributed to the Dutch and English understanding of the sea routes to the East Indies and laid the foundation for future exploration and trade in the region.
Jan Huygen van Linschoten's contributions were instrumental in breaking the Portuguese monopoly on the spice trade, and his Itinerario had a lasting impact on European exploration and trade in the East.
1564-1565 -Andrés de URDANETA, #000, Pacific Ocean's Volta do Mar (Asia to America)
1571/10/07 -Battle of Lepanto, #250a
1574-1631 -Henry HUDSON, #000, North, Canada (Hudson Bay)
1594-1597 -WILLEM BARENTZ, #000, going North
1595 -Sit Walter RALEIGH, #000, Undertook his first expedition to find the fabled golden city of El Dorado for Queen Elizabeth I. The search was a failure but Raleigh is credited with the discovery of Guiana.
1603/05/26 -Federico SPINOLA, #252c, unsuccessful attempt to ram the blockade of Dutch ships at Sluis
1633 -Hugo de GROOT (Hugo GROTIUS): 'Mare Libero' 1633, #106
1640 ca. -Makassar People before. Explored by Abel TASMAN, #000, Australia
1640-1641 -Ivan Yuryevich MOSKVITIN, #000, Siberia and Pacific coast.
1642-1643 -Abel TASMAN, #000, Oceania
1648-1651 -António Raposo TAVARES, #000, Brazil (Circumnavigation), Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Connected the River Plate Basin to the Andes and to the mouth of the Amazon River
1652/04/06 -Jan van RIEBEECK, #034, landing at Cape of Good Hope
1768-1779 -James COOK, #000, Oceania
1769-1770 -Captain James COOK, #000, British explorer and navigator who made detailed maps of Newfoundland before making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands. Explored the South Pacific for the fabled land of Terra Australis.
1771 -Moric BENOVSKY, #000, North Pacific, western Alaska, Far East Eurasian Coast
1789/04/28 -William BLIGH, #000, Mutiny on the Bounty
1799-1803 -Alexander von Humboldt, #000, Central America and Latin America
1804-1806 -LEWIS and CLARK Expedition, #000, Northwest Plateau of North America
1805/10/05 -Lord Horatio Admiral NELSON, #195e, Battle of Trafalgar
1831/06/01 -James Clark ROSS, #000, The North Magnetic Pole
1877 -Serpa PINTO, #000, Exploration of the Zambeze river region, Central Africa, Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Zaire
1878 -Adolf Erik NORDENSIÖLD, #000, The Northern Sea Route
1901-1904 -Robert Falcon SCOTT, #000, Discovery Polar Expedition
1909/01/16 -Douglas MAWSON, Edgeworth David, and Alistair Mackay, #000, The South Magnetic Pole
1909/04/06 -Robert PEARY, #000, The North Pole1911/12/14 -Roald AMUNDSEN, #000, The South Pole
1912/01/17 -Robert Falcon SCOTT ,#000, The South Pole
1985/00/00 -Robert BALLARD, Discovered the wreck of the Titanic.#000
1215 -Alexander NECKAM, #000
His textbook De utensilibus (“On Instruments”) is the earliest known European writing to mention the magnetic compass as an aid to navigation. His De naturis rerum (“On the Natures of Things”), a two-part introduction to a commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes, is a miscellany of scientific information at that time novel in western Europe but already known to Greek and Muslim savants.
Born: Sept. 8, 1157, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, Eng., Died: early 1217, Kempsey, Worcestershire (aged 59), Notable Works: “De naturis rerum”
Discoverers of the Atlantic Ocean
Rodrigo de BASTIDAS
Adriaen BLOCK
Brandaan van CLONFERT
John CABOT
Sebastian CABOT
,Pedro Álvares CABRAL
Diogo CÃO
Jacques CARTIER
Hendrick CHRISTIAENSEN
Christoffel COLUMBUS
John DAVIS
Bartolomeu DIAS
Juan DÍAZ de SOLÍS
Francis DRAKE
Erik de RODE
Leif ERIKSSON
Vasco da GAMA
Binot PAULMIER de GONNEVILLE
Hendrik de ZEEVAARDER
Bjarni HERJOLFFSON
Henry HUDSON
Ferdinand MAGELLAN
Jan Cornelisz. MAY
Olivier van NOORT
Fernão do PO
Timothy SEVERIN
Giovanni da VERRAZZANO
Amerigo VESPUCCI
tags: #discovery, Atlantic Ocean tags: #timeline, #discovery, #discoverers